Psychology In Life

Social (Pragmatic) Communication Disorder (SPCD) is marked by challenges in communication, including verbal and non-verbal communication in social situations. Those with social (pragmatic) communication disorder struggle with using language for purposes, like understanding and participating in conversations. They face difficulty interpreting non-verbal cues and problems adjusting their speech according to social situations.     Symptoms of Social (Pragmatic) Communication Disorder The symptoms of Social (Pragmatic) Communication Disorder may occur in problems in social communication.   Conversational Challenges People with SPCD face difficulty in initiating or maintaining conversations in social situations. They may face problems in turn-taking in conversations, which may result in pauses or only one-sided conversations.        Understanding Non-Verbal Cues Non-verbal communication involves facial expressions, body language, gestur...

Childhood-onset fluency disorder (COFD) , also known as stuttering, is a speech disorder that manifests in early childhood. It is a condition that a disrupts child's smooth flow of speech, problems in speech fluency, such as syllables, repetitions of words, or sounds, and persistent pauses or blocks. This condition leads to challenges in communication, in which a child struggles to express themselves fluently and clearly. Understanding the Symptoms of Childhood-Onset Fluency Disorder (Stuttering) The symptoms of childhood-onset fluency disorder that display in early childhood, when the children starts to obtain language and speech skills. Repetitions can appear in sounds, syllables, words, or phrases. Children may repeat the initial sounds of words such as "b-b-b-ball" or may complete words such as "I-I-I want to play". Prolongations show up in the sounds, where a child holds a specific sound for a long duration such as "ssssss-sun". Blocks can appe...

Speech sound disorders (SSDs) are communication disorders marked by problems in producing and organizing sounds. It is a condition commonly seen in children and it also affects adults. Due to difficulty producing words, it becomes difficult to understand their communication. The problems can be seen with articulation (problems with sounds are made), or phonological processes (patterns of errors in sounds).    Types of Speech Sound Disorders (SSDs) Speech sound disorders (SSDs) are classified into two main types. Articulation Disorder Articulation disorder is the type of SSDs (Speech sound disorders) in which a child struggles with physically producing speech sounds. The sounds can be substituted, distorted, or omitted, making the sound very unclear. The substitutions can occur in the form of saying "Wabbit" instead of "rabbit", omissions can occur as leaving any start, middle, or end sound saying "ca" instead of "cat", the distortions can come ...

Specific learning disorders referred to as learning disabilities are neurodevelopmental conditions that hinder a person's ability to gain and adapt to academic skills properly. People with specific learning disorders face challenges in writing, reading, and mathematics, even in other aspects of learning. Specific learning disorders (SLD) impacts a person's academic performance, self-esteem, and daily functioning.    What Are the Types of Specific Learning Disorders? Specific learning disorders (SLD) contain three types, people face challenges. 1- Dyslexia Dyslexia is known as difficulties in reading, spelling, and decoding words. It comes with struggles with recognizing words, reading in fluency, and understanding the written text.  3- Dysgraphia Dysgraphia refers to challenges with writing, spelling, and organizing thoughts in writing on paper. People with dysgraphia may also face problems with fine motor skills which impacts their ability to write clearly and neatl...

Intellectual Developmental Disorder (IDD) previously also known as intellectual disability refers to below-average intellectual functioning and a lack of adaptive behavior skills. People with IDD (Intellectual developmental disorder) face problems in comprehending learning, logical thinking, cognitive capability, problem-solving, and skills needed for daily life. Intellectual Developmental disorder (IDD) is a condition that impacts a person's several aspects and can go even from mild to severe.   How Does Intellectual Developmental Disorder (IDD) Affect Adaptive Behavior? Adaptive behavior refers to a person's ability to adapt and function effectively and independently in daily activities, including self-care, communication, social interactions, and academic skills. People with IDD (Intellectual developmental disorder) can face challenges in adaptive behavior in areas such as time management, hygiene, problem-solving, and social skills. It can also occur alongside other condit...

Language disorders refer to problems in understanding, processing, and producing language. Language serves as a foundation of our communication and these difficulties can affect communication skills. These disorders can extend from difficulties with speaking or understanding words, leading to struggle forming sentences. Language disorders can hinder a person's academic performance, and impact social interaction, and overall quality of life. Types of Language Disorders Understanding the types can help identify and manage them. Expressive Language Disorder People with expressive language disorder face difficulty expressing themselves through writing or speech. Their ability to understand language can also be impacted. This difficulty leads to struggles in forming sentences, using the grammar, or finding the right words to form the sentence. In the case of children, they face problems with expressing "I...I...want...um...water," instead of "I want water". Even af...

Disruptive mood dysregulation disorder (DMDD) is a mental health condition in children, which refers to intense and recurring temper outbursts, anger, and irritability. Children face regular irritability and anger, which impacts on their daily functioning.  Signs of Disruptive Mood Dysregulation Disorder (DMDD) Disruptive mood dysregulation disorder (DMDD) is a condition characterized by irritability and severe temper outbursts. Those with DMDD (Disruptive Mood Dysregulation Disorder) may exhibit the following. Frequent Temper Outbursts Children may face intense temper tantrums that are out of their control. These outbursts may exhibit as crying, yelling, or aggressive behavior in children. Chronic Irritable Mood Irritability may occur, such as children tend to feel angry or irritable, and this mood can last for long time period each day. Children may also seem upset without any reason.   Trouble with Relationships Children with DMDD (Disruptive mood dysregulation disor...